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This book introduces four waves of upsurge in digital activism and cyberconflict. The rise of digital activism started in 1994, was transformed by the events of 9/11, culminated in 2011 with the Arab Spring uprisings, and entered a transformative phase of control and mainstreaming since 2013 with the Snowden affair.
Published by: Palgrave Macmillan
Publication Date: 2015-09-09
Format: Hardcover
ISBN-13: 9780230242463
DOI: 10.1057/9781137317933
Dimensions: 216cm x140cm
Pages: 172