{"product_id":"9780306456534","title":"Contemporary Systems Thinking: Human Systems and Ecological Fields","description":"\u003ch1\u003eContemporary Systems Thinking: Human Systems and Ecological Fields\u003c\/h1\u003e \u003ch2\u003eBates, Frederick L.\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSociopolitical Ecology\u003c\/em\u003e introduces the concept of  `ecological field' to replace that of `ecosystem' and extends the  boundaries of self-referential systems to a new, more complex level of  analysis. Ecological field refers to an overarching system that  contains many self-referential (or autopoietic) systems that interact  in a common space, with human beings placed squarely in the middle of  all natural ecological networks. The focus of this fascinating study  is the interlocking pattern of relations among human beings within an  ecological field - what the author designates as  `sociopolitical ecology'. The book argues that most societies are not  self-contained systems, but rather ecological fields, that is  complexes of several interacting systems.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eDetails\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003ePublished by: Springer\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePublication Date: 1997-09-30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFormat: Hardcover\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eISBN-13: 9780306456534\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDOI: 10.1007\/978-1-4899-0251-1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDimensions: 234cm x156cm\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePages: 272\u003c\/p\u003e ","brand":"Springer US","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":49937969578124,"sku":"9780306456534","price":98.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0710\/9545\/1788\/files\/9780306456534.jpg?v=1779042261","url":"https:\/\/lateknightbooks.com\/products\/9780306456534","provider":"Late Knight Books and Services, LLC","version":"1.0","type":"link"}