{"product_id":"9780792344063","title":"Machine Discovery: Reprinted from Foundations of Science Volume 1, No. 2, 1995\/96","description":"\u003ch1\u003eMachine Discovery: Reprinted from Foundations of Science Volume 1, No. 2, 1995\/96\u003c\/h1\u003e \u003ch2\u003eZytkow, Jan\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eHuman and machine discovery are gradual problem-solving  processes of searching large problem spaces for incompletely defined  goal objects. Research on problem solving has usually focused on  searching an `instance space' (empirical exploration) and a  `hypothesis space' (generation of theories). In scientific discovery,  searching must often extend to other spaces as well: spaces of  possible problems, of new or improved scientific instruments, of new  problem representations, of new concepts, and others. This book  focuses especially on the processes for finding new problem  representations and new concepts, which are relatively new domains for  research on discovery. \u003cbr\u003e  Scientific discovery has usually been studied as an activity of  individual investigators, but these individuals are positioned in a  larger social structure of science, being linked by the `blackboard'  of open publication (as well as by direct collaboration). Even while  an investigator is working alone, the process is strongly influenced  by knowledge and skills stored in memory as a result of previous  social interactions. In this sense, all research on discovery,  including the investigations on individual processes discussed in this  book, is social psychology, or even sociology.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eDetails\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003ePublished by: Springer\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePublication Date: 1997-02-28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFormat: Hardcover\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eISBN-13: 9780792344063\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDOI: 10.1007\/978-94-017-2124-0\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDimensions: 235cm x155cm\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePages: 148\u003c\/p\u003e ","brand":"Springer Netherlands","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44358552158348,"sku":"9780792344063","price":49.49,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0710\/9545\/1788\/files\/9780792344063.jpg?v=1771525296","url":"https:\/\/lateknightbooks.com\/products\/9780792344063","provider":"Late Knight Books and Services, LLC","version":"1.0","type":"link"}