The book contains the contributions at the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Soil Chemical Pollution, Risk Assessment, Remediation and Security, which took place in Sofia, Bulgaria, May 23–26, 2007. Scientists representing fields of chemistry, biology, toxicology, physics, risk assessment, ecology, environmental protection, remediation and public health, from Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Germany, France, Hungary, Italy, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Russian Federation, Spain and Ukraine participated in the work of the ARW. The main objective of the ARW was to contribute to the existing knowledge on soil pollution and remediation. Stress was given to: critical assessment of the used analyses and methods for study effects in combined chemical pollution (organic pollutants and pesticides, metals) on soil biota and fertility; to evaluate specific aspects of the risk assessment; to assess the most advanced technologies for soil remediation used for different purposes; to evaluated the economical involvement; to evaluate national policies for soil security in different NATO and partner countries.