Drugs are considered to be healers and harmers, wonder substances and knowledge makers; objects that impact on social hierarchies, health practices and public policies. As a collective endeavour, this book focuses on the ways that gender, along with race/ethnicity and class, influence the design, standardisation and circulation of drugs throughout several highly medicalised countries throughout the twentieth century and until the twenty-first. Fourteen authors from different European and non-European countries analyse the extent to which the dominant ideas and values surrounding masculinity and femininity have contributed to shape the research, prescription and use of drugs by women and men within particular social and cultural contexts. New and lesser-known, gender-specific issues in lifestyles and social practices associated with pharmaceutical technologies are analysed, as is the manner in which they intervene in life experiences such as reproduction, sexual desire, childbirth, depression and happiness. The processes of prescribing, selling, marketing and accepting or forbidding drugs is also examined, as is the contribution of gendered medical practices to the medicalisation and growing consumption of drugs by women. Gender relations and other hierarchies are involved as both causes and consequences of drug cultures, and of the history and social life of gender in contemporary drug production, use and consumption. A network of agents emerges from this book’s research, contributing to a better understanding of both gender and drugs within our society.

Teresa Ortiz-Gómez (MD, PhD in History of Medicine) is professor of History of Science at the University of Granada, Spain. She has published widely on gender and the history of medicine, the history of health professions, women in medicine and the history of midwives in Spain. She is currently working on the history of contraception and sexuality in Spain during Francoism and the Spanish transition to democracy. María Jesús Santesmases (PhD in chemistry, historian of science) is a research fellow at the Departamento de Ciencia, Tecnología y Sociedad, Instituto de Filosofía, Centro de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales, CSIC in Madrid, Spain. She studies the post-WWII history of experimental biology and medicine, and is currently working on the early practices of human cytogenetics and on the history of antibiotics in Spain.