{"product_id":"9781441191656","title":"Scripting Middle East Leaders The Impact of Leadership Perceptions on U.S. and UK Foreign Policy","description":"\u003ch1\u003eScripting Middle East Leaders\u003c\/h1\u003e\u003ch2\u003eThe Impact of Leadership Perceptions on U.S. and UK Foreign Policy\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003ch3\u003eSir Lawrence Freedman | Jeffrey Michaels\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cb\u003ePolitical Science \/ International Relations \/ General\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cp\u003eBoth the US and the UK seemed caught off-guard by the uprisings in Libya and Egypt and policymakers had to deal with leaders that switched from being allies to \"pariahs.\" \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis collection of essays, written by leading scholars, examines the evolution of British and American perceptions of  \"adversaries\" in the Middle East since the Cold War. It traces the evolution of how leaders have been perceived, what determined such perceptions, and how they can change over time. It shows that in many cases the beliefs held by policymakers have influenced their policies and the way they adapted during crisis. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eEach essay focuses on a Middle East leader, such as Nasser, Assad, Hussein, or Ahmadinejad, discussing what these leaders' objectives were perceived to be, the assessments of their willingness to take risks or negotiate, and how such assessments changed overtime and were evaluated in retrospect.  \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis groundbreaking contribution to the literature on leadership attitudes and perceptions in policymaking toward the Middle East will appeal to anyone studying foreign policy, Middle East politics and political psychology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cp\u003eJeffrey Michaels is Research Associate in the Department of War Studies at King's College London. Prior to this, he served as a Lecturer with the Air Power Studies Division of the Defence Studies Department. As an intelligence officer attached to the US European Command and the Pentagon's Joint Staff, he consulted for the Office of Net Assessment, Office of the Secretary of Defense, and worked on the staff of the NATO School  in Oberammergau, Germany.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003ePublication Date: \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e20 December 2012\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003ePublisher: \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eBloomsbury Academic\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eImprint: \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eBloomsbury Academic\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eISBN-13: \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e9781441191656\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eFormat: \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eHardback\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003ePage Count: \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e192\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eWeight (oz): \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e17.6\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e","brand":"Bloomsbury Academic","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51331728539788,"sku":"9781441191656","price":180.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"url":"https:\/\/lateknightbooks.com\/products\/9781441191656","provider":"Late Knight Books and Services, LLC","version":"1.0","type":"link"}