A survey book providing an authoritative and comprehensive presentation of Boltzmann models (i.e., nonlinear kinetic theory) and computational methods. This new survey book provides a comprehensive and authoritative presentation of current methods and applications for Boltzmann models and computational methods. Selected applications address topics in complex fluid flows, geophysical problems, communications, and biochemical processes. The book is an essential resource for all scientists and engineers who use large-scale computations for studying the dynamics of complex