This book is the result of the research and educational activities of a group of outstanding scientists worldwide who have authored the chapters of this book dealing with the behavior of nanoscale building blocks. It contains a variety of subjects covering computational, dry and wet nanotechnology. The state-of-the-art subject matters presented here provide the reader with the latest developments on ongoing nanoscience and nanotechnology research from the bottom-up approach, which starts with atoms and molecules as molecular building blocks. The special emphasis on carbon structures, including nanotubes, wires and diamondoids, is unique. This book should appeal to a broad range of people as a useful source for current research activities in nanoscience and technology.