This book provides an in-depth exploration of novel fractional-order memristor-based discrete chaotic maps, examining their stability and chaotic behavior, investigating their complex dynamics, and exploring their applications in synchronization control using theoretical, numerical, and analog methods. It offers valuable insights for scholars, researchers, engineers, and professionals in the fields of applied mathematics, electrical engineering, and computational science. The main topics of this book include fractional calculus, discrete memristors, and their integration into well-known discrete systems. It focuses on developing novel fractional-order memristor-based chaotic discrete systems and investigating chaos theory, including initial conditions, complexity, and multistability dynamics. Detailed chapters also cover the experimental verification of these phenomena and explore their unique applications in synchronization control.