This book offers a diverse range of perspectives on the socio-economic development of Central Asia that challenges the current neoliberal development narratives. By examining three decades of market-oriented reforms, foreign investment, and international aid strategies rooted in Western economic orthodoxy, it reviews the socio-economic outcomes of the region to highlight areas of growth, as well as drivers of inequality, environmental degradation, political authoritarianism, and natural resource dependence. Particular attention is given to sustainability and ecological economics, postcolonial development, indigenous knowledge systems, and social welfare economics. 

This book seeks to combat the limitations of post-Soviet socio-economic policy within Central Asia by offering alternative paths to development that are more sustainable and tailored to the region’s unique characteristics. It will be relevant to students, researchers, and policymakers interested in heterodox approaches to development.