Argentine Freedom provides the first account of the most disruptive figure in Argentine history since the nation’s return to democracy. In just a few years, Javier Milei rose from television economist and social media provocateur to president of a country long defined by crisis, state intervention, and political polarization. His ascent has sparked fierce debate at home and abroad: is Milei a threat to democracy, a neo-conservative, or the herald of a much larger liberal revival?
The book provides a balanced examination of Milei’s rise to power. Rather than judging his policies, economic historian Sebastián Álvarez and political philosopher Ezequiel Spector ask a deeper set of questions: Where do Milei’s ideas come from? How do they relate to Argentina’s liberal tradition and its history of populism, socialism, and authoritarianism? And what does his presidency reveal about the tensions between liberty, equality, and democracy in the twenty first century? 
Blending economic history, political philosophy, and contemporary analysis, Argentine Freedom traces Argentina’s long ideological arc from the liberal foundations of the 1853 Constitution, through Peronism, military rule, neoliberal reform, and the interventionist turn after the 2001 collapse, to the two liberal “waves” that culminated in Milei’s election. Along the way, it unpacks the meanings of liberalism and libertarianism, contrasts them with their main rivals, and situates Milei within both national history and a broader global surge of anti establishment leaders.
The resulting book offers a framework for understanding Javier Milei as a political actor—and Argentina as a country once again at a crossroads.

Sebastián Álvarez is Professor at Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez in Chile and Associate Researcher at the Graduate Institute in Geneva, Switzerland. His work explores the history of finance and banking in Latin America, with particular attention to how capital markets shape economic policy and international relations. He is the author of Mexican Banks and Foreign Finance (Palgrave Macmillan, 2019).

Ezequiel Spector is Research Professor and Director of the Master of Arts program in Philosophy, Politics, and Economics at Adolfo Ibáñez University in Chile. He is the author of Freedom as Social Cooperation (Palgrave Macmillan, 2026).