This book advances the state of the art in segment routing-based traffic engineering. It shows how the application of the midpoint optimization concept offers considerable benefits, with respect to conventional end-to-end segment routing, including a reduction of configuration complexity and a parallel improvement of network robustness and resiliency. Proven by theoretical analyses, this is also confirmed through extensive simulation experiments featuring real-world network data and a wide set of practically relevant operational constraints and requirements. Moreover, the design and implementation of corresponding optimization algorithms to compute virtually optimal traffic engineering configurations, is described in detail. Awarded as an outstanding work from the Communication and Distributed Systems special interest group (KuVS) of the Gesellschaft für Informatik (GI) in 2024, this PhD thesis will also provide other graduate students with an accessible introduction to the general field of network traffic engineering.