This book connects agri-food 4.0 technology with climate-smart agriculture (CSA) to mitigate the bidirectional relationship between the agricultural sector and global warming and the associated risks within the agri-food industry. Furthermore, traditional farming methods face threats from declining natural resources, including clean water and fertile soil, essential for food production. In light of this information, the integration of intelligent sensors and advanced technologies is transforming precision agriculture.

This book provides insights into current research, focusing on combining smart sensors with the Internet of Things (IoT), big data analytics, and Artificial Intelligence (AI). The goal is to shift towards farming practices that are more sustainable and efficient. Traditional monitoring methods of Pest infestations and crop diseases are often slow and inefficient, highlighting the need for effective prediction strategies to enable early detection. In this regard, the book highlights a machine learning model for pest prediction that aligns predictions with agronomic knowledge, serving as a valuable tool for early warning systems and helping reduce crop losses. The chapter on Genomic prediction tools enhances crop breeding through statistical methods and discusses applying machine learning techniques to predict phenotypic traits based on genetic markers and environmental data. Challenges include limited high-quality datasets and inconsistent metadata. The key highlights of the book are the frameworks for practitioners in the agri-food supply chain, emphasizing the importance of supply chain visibility for building data analytics capabilities.

Additionally, the goal is to enrich the audience with new advancements in soilless agriculture methods, such as hydroponics and aeroponics, discussing their advantages and the precision technologies applied. Finally, the book elaborates on the challenges of using multi-temporal remote sensing imagery for crop monitoring, mainly due to cloud cover, and introduces a novel strategy for integrating optical and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data.

Dr. Mohammad Yaseen Mir is an accomplished academician, researcher, and educator with expertise in Environmental Science, Plant Biotechnology, and Sustainable Development. He currently serves as a Subject Expert Member at the Commission for Scientific and Technical Terminology (CSTT), Ministry of Education, Government of India, New Delhi, and is also recognized as a Subject Course Expert for Environmental Science under CEC-MOOCs, Ministry of Education (formerly MHRD), Government of India. Dr. Mir has contributed extensively to environmental and sustainability research and previously served as a Senior Researcher in a nationally significant project funded by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC), Government of India, in collaboration with the G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment under the prestigious National Mission on Himalayan Studies (NMHS). He is currently associated with the Department of Education, Jammu & Kashmir, where he serves as teaching faculty, contributing to academic development. He completed both his M.Phil. and Ph.D. from the University of Kashmir, where he was awarded the prestigious Doctorate Merit Scholarship in recognition of his academic excellence. His doctoral research in Botany with specialization in Plant Biotechnology focused on “Role of Elicitors for In Vitro Induction of Secondary Metabolites in Suspension Cultures of Artemisia amygdalina D.”, reflecting his strong research foundation in plant biotechnology and advanced biotechnological applications. Dr. Mir has been recognized for his academic contributions and was awarded a Certificate of Appreciation by the University of Kashmir for his participation in the National Seminar on “Environment Pollution: Join the Race to Make the World a Better Place” organized on the occasion of World Environment Day 2016. An active contributor to scientific scholarship, Dr. Mir serves as Editor and Reviewer for several reputed international journals and has authored a substantial body of scholarly work, including research articles, review papers, book chapters, and edited volumes published by internationally renowned publishing houses such as Springer, Elsevier, Hindawi, and Frontiers. He has also authored and edited multiple academic books, with his research interests spanning environmental sustainability, climate change, biotechnology, Himalayan ecology, and interdisciplinary scientific research. Through his academic and research contributions, Dr. Mir continues to play an important role in advancing scientific knowledge, higher education, and sustainable development research at national and international levels.

Dr. Javid Ahmad Parray is currently teaching in the Department of Environmental Science at Government Degree College, Tangdhar   Kupwara, Jammu and Kashmir, India, affiliated with the University of Kashmir, Srinagar. He also serves as the National Course Coordinator for  MOOCs programs of Environmental Science under CeC–SWAYAM, Ministry of Education, Government of India, New Delhi. He has completed his M.Phil. and Ph.D. in Environmental Science from the University of Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, India, after qualifying the JKSLET examination, and later pursued postdoctoral research at the same institution. His core research interests span ecological and agricultural microbiology, environmental microbiome, climate change, and microbial biotechnology. He has participated in several national and international conferences and courses across countries, including Sri Lanka, Indonesia, and Malaysia. He has authored and edited numerous books, contributed extensively to high-impact journals and book chapters, and serves as editor, guest editor, and reviewer for reputed scientific journals. He is a member of various national and international scientific organizations and currently serves as Series Editor for the book series Microbiome Research in Plants and Soil and Microbial Genomics by an international publisher.   Dr. Amjad Masood Husaini is Professor and Head of Plant Biotechnology at SKUAST-K, with experience as a visiting scientist at USDA and Oxford. He holds a PhD in Biotechnology, a PG Diploma in Bioinformatics, and various certificates, including IPR and Genome Editing. He is a founding member of the Division of Plant Biotechnology at SKUAST-K and established a modern Genome Engineering & Societal Biotechnology Lab for PG research. A Fellow of the National Environmental Sciences Academy and the Society for Plant Research, and a Member of UKRI’s Peer Review College, he has received numerous awards from Oxford, NESA, ICAR, DBT, and the J&K Govt., including Scientist of the Year 2017, DBT-CREST 2012, Young Scientist 2009, Jawahar Lal Nehru Award 2008 (ICAR, New Delhi), and Junior Scientist of the Year Award-2007. He developed stress-tolerant strawberries during his PhD and contributed to blast-resistant rice varieties and the revival of aromatic ‘Mushk Budji’ rice in Kashmir. His saffron research includes expanding cultivation, organic methods, and addressing adulteration, and he has introduced ABPP technology in saffron and developed a ‘Saffron Rapid Test’ app. He has mentored over 20 PhD and MSc students, edited seven books, published over 100 papers, and was listed among the Top 2% Scientists in 2025.