Devoted to novel optical measurement techniques that are applied in both industry and life sciences, this book offers a fresh perspective on the development of modern optical sensors. These sensors are often essential in detecting and controlling parameters that are critical for industrial and biomedical processes. The book provides an accessible entry for beginners who want to become familiar with the latest innovations in modern optics. Readers get an up-to-date overview on applications of optical sensors in materials science, nanotechnology, and optics.