This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th Spanish Symposium on Bioinformatics, JBI 2010, held in Torremolinos, Spain, in October 2010. The 13 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The papers are structured in topical sections on next-generation sequencing data; genome-wide association studies; high-performanced databases; text-mining; tools for integration of Web services; ontologies; analysis and visualization of omics data.