Reconciliation is an important agenda for postwar countries. It plays a major role in harmonizing bilateral and regional relations. Lin Ren compares reconciliations between the Sino-Japanese and the Franco-German dyads. Each dyad shares a deep-rooted historic antagonism. Nevertheless, France and Germany reached a far deeper degree of reconciliation. Therefore, this book devotes to explore the “trouble-creators” that led to the diverse outcomes, so as to challenge taking rationality as the single micro-foundation of decision making concerning reconciliation.