The therapeutic application of music has been shown to reduce anxiety and pain and improve patient satisfaction during surgical procedures and interventions, throughout anesthetic care, and in the course of oncological treatments. In the operating room, music may lower stress levels, enhance concentration, and foster a more positive work environment.

This book systematically summarizes the available literature and the evidence base for these diverse applications. It concludes with recommendations for future research and study designs aimed at advancing the field.

E. Sebastian Debus, MD, Professor and Director, Department and Outpatient Clinic of Vascular Medicine, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany

Reinhart T. Grundmann, MD, Medical Expert Witness; Former Scientific and Medical Director, Altötting-Burghausen District Hospitals, Germany