This book focuses on the key topics  of the national governance system and the governance capability, to analyze the connotation, composition and characteristics of the modern national governance system in China, to explore methods and paths thereby improve national governance ability. The book puts forward the evaluation index system of the national governance, focusing on the aspects of national construction, party construction, government construction and social construction, provides an in-depth analysis of current China. Based on the current research results of China's state governance, this book promotes the further research of China's modern state governance on theoretical topics. The book has important reference value because it clarifies the development goals and construction paths of the future system organization. Besides, it also helps us to gain better understanding of China's state governance reform.