This book presents a systematic and comprehensive treatment of distributed secondary control for DC microgrids, covering both fundamental principles and recent advances in the field. It addresses key theoretical and practical challenges, including voltage regulation, current sharing, communication constraints, multi-bus operation, and the destabilizing effects of constant power loads. A distinctive feature of the book is its emphasis on the concept of virtual voltage drop, which provides a unifying framework for system analysis and controller design. Building on this concept, the book develops rigorous and practically implementable control methods for both single-bus and multi-bus DC microgrids and further extends the framework to systems with high penetration of constant power loads, offering new insights into their stability and control. The theoretical developments are substantiated through detailed numerical simulations, experimental validation, and hardware-in-the-loop testing, thereby establishing a close connection between analytical results and practical implementation. Intended for researchers, graduate students, and practicing engineers in control systems, electrical engineering, and related disciplines, the book serves as both a comprehensive reference and a practical guide to state-of-the-art developments in distributed control of DC microgrids.

Lantao Xing (Senior Member, IEEE) received the Ph.D. degree in control science and engineering from Zhejiang University, China, in 2018. He was a Research Fellow and a Presidential Post-Doctoral Fellow with Queensland University of Technology, Australia, and Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, respectively. He is currently a Full Professor with the School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China. His research interests include nonlinear system control and distributed control with applications in smart grids. He is serving as an Associate Editor for IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics and IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

Professor Yu-Chu Tian is a professor at the School of Computer Science, Queensland University of Technology, Australia. He received the PhD degree in computer and software engineering from the University of Sydney in 2009, and the PhD degree from Zhejiang University in 1993. He worked in a few universities in the mainland of China, Hong Kong of China, USA, and Australia. Since 2002, he has been with Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia. He has published three monographs and over 300 refereed papers, and secured research grants of over AU$10 million. His current research interests include AI and machine learning, cloud computing, computer networks, smart grid communications and control, networked control systems, and cyber–physical security. He is the editor-in-chief for Springer’s two handbooks: Handbook of Real-Time Computing, and Handbook of Network Architecture.