This second edition details the techniques involved in the biosafety assessment of probiotics to be used for human consumption. New and updated chapters guide readers through identification of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes using various databases, PCR techniques, in vitro cytotoxicity assays, cytolysins, and in vivo toxicity assays such as acute and chronic toxicity, virulence, toxigenicity and dermonecrotic effects.  Written in the format of the Methods and Protocols in Food Science series, chapters list necessary materials and methods for readily reproducible protocols.