Speech Separation by Humans and Machines provides a comprehensive and authoritative discussion of our understanding of how humans separate speech, and the state of the art in approaching these abilities with machines. Leading authorities from around the world were invited to present their perspectives and discuss the points of contact to other perspectives. The result is a clear and uniform overview of this problem, and a primer in what is emerging as an important, active and successful area for the development of new techniques and applications. Chapters include historical and current summaries of relevant research in behavioral science, neuroscience and engineering, along with more in-depth descriptions of several of the most exciting current research projects and techniques.