International trade has long been governed by principles of fairness and multilateral cooperation, from the lex mercatoria to GATT and the WTO. Yet, rising protectionism and strategic competition have challenged these norms. This book examines how Donald Trump’s trade policies—spanning two administrations—reshaped global trade and strained the rules-based system.

Through empirical analysis, case studies, and expert interviews, the book explores the WTO’s legitimacy crisis, U.S.-China trade wars, and tariffs on allies under “America First.” It analyzes sectoral dynamics in rare earths and semiconductors, regional shifts in Latin America and ASEAN, and the broader geoeconomic consequences of U.S. actions. By linking historical evolution with contemporary disruptions, the work addresses critical questions: Can the WTO remain relevant? How will emerging industries redefine trade? What are the long-term implications of U.S. assertiveness for global governance?

Combining theoretical, historical, and pragmatic perspectives, this book offers a balanced view of trade as a tool of power politics in a multipolar world. Essential reading for scholars, policymakers, and anyone seeking to understand the future of international trade amid growing nationalism and institutional transformation.

Renata Thiébaut is a global expert in digital trade. She possess a Ph.D. in Law and has held senior roles at Alibaba, as well as advised Fortune 500 companies across continents. Her research includes work at Harvard University and the United Nations. She is a UN peer reviewer and a recipient of the 100 Brilliant Women in AI Ethics award.    

Marc Selgas-Cors is a researcher in Intercultural Studies and Political Science and professor at EAE Business School. He explores AI-driven green trade strategies and socio-economic transformation. With publications in leading journals and presentations at international conferences, he combines academic insight with practical experience in policy and organizational strategy.  He holds a Ph.D. from Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and is currently pursuing a second Ph.D. at the Universidad del País Vasco.