The ethical and political challenges of the Anthropocene demand urgent and interdisciplinary reflection particularly given the challenges posed by climate change. This volume brings together leading scholars to examine the moral responsibilities and societal duties required to confront a rapidly transforming world—one in which environmental and climate risks remain deeply and unevenly distributed.

Grounded in the normative framework of environmental justice, the book explores what it means to ensure fair and equitable exposure to environmental harms and benefits globally. Originating from the international conference Ethical‑Political Dilemmas of the Anthropocene, held at UNISINOS (Brazil) in June 2025, this collective work expands the event’s central objective: to investigate the moral and political duties necessary to face the climate emergency through a broad, interdisciplinary lens.

The contributions emerge from seven keynote conferences with invited debates and three thematic panels dedicated to the core challenges of our time: “Challenges of Climate Justice,” “Virtues and Climate Emergency,” and “Duties, Vulnerabilities and Climate Change.” Together, they illuminate the complexity of the environmental crisis by engaging with diverse theoretical approaches—Hans Jonas’s ethics of responsibility, ecofeminism, environmental justice theory, ecological thought, virtue ethics, deontological models, human rights, and the philosophical study of vulnerabilities.

This book invites readers to grapple with the profound ethical‑political dilemmas of the Anthropocene and to envision the responsibilities we share in shaping a just and sustainable future.

Denis Coitinho is a Professor of Ethics and Political Philosophy at UNISINOS - Brazilian Jesuit University, Brazil. He received his Doctorate in Philosophy from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, 2003, Brazil, in 2003 and he did a Posdoctoral Research
at Centro Brasileiro de Análise e Planejamento, CEBRAP, São Paulo, Brazil, in 2005-2006. He was a Visiting Fellow
at London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE, UK (2010–2011) and Visiting Scholar at Harvard University, USA (20216-2016) and University of Oxford, UK (2023). His current philosophical research, funded by the CNPq (National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, Brazil, focuses on ethics of artificial intelligence and climate ethics.

Jelson Oliveira is a Professor in the Graduate Program in Philosophy at the Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná (PUCPR). Researcher at CNPq, holding a Productivity in Research Fellowship (Pq2). He currently serves as a member of the Coordination of the Programs in the field of Philosophy at CAPES. Doctor in Philosophy, he completed postdoctoral research at the University of Exeter (United Kingdom) and at the Université Catholique de Louvain (Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium, 2022). He is a member of the Hans Jonas Research Group (CNPq), coordinator of the Hans Jonas Working Group, and a member of the ANPOF Working Groups on Philosophy of Technology and Technique, and on Nietzsche. He is the founding director of the Hans Jonas Chair at PUCPR, established in 2020. His research focuses on Philosophy, with an emphasis on Ethics and the History of Contemporary Philosophy, Phenomenology of Life, Philosophy of Technology, Environmental Philosophy, and Environmental Ethics, working especially on thinkers such as Nietzsche and Hans Jonas.