This book comes at a time of growing concern about global environmental challenges, with a particular focus on sustainability, energy transition and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. In a period characterised by urgency and profound change, bioenergy and biomass are emerging as promising alternatives to fossil fuels, contributing both to renewable energy production and sustainable waste management. The growing demand for energy, fuelled by economic development, industrialisation and population growth, requires innovative and sustainable solutions. These are issues of great importance and urgency in today’s scientific research.

The scope of the book is to explore crucial issues of global change and urgent challenges. This book is a valuable resource for exploring how innovative solutions can help change the global energy landscape, promoting the adoption of sustainable practices and contributing significantly to reducing environmental impact. Furthermore, growing awareness of energy and environmental issues requires an informed debate that is accessible to all. This book explores the challenges and opportunities of the energy transition and would not only enrich readers with in-depth knowledge, but also serve as a catalyst for concrete action, stimulating critical and informed reflection on our collective future. This book reflects the production of biofuels and biogas from biomass, integrating different sources, microbial community applications, microbial engineering and thermochemical processes. Investment and funding in the bioenergy sector are also growing strongly, fuelled by the increasing commitment to decarbonisation and energy sustainability. This is supported by tax incentive policies and stricter emissions regulations, such as those contained in the European Green Deal. Overall, the publication of a book on these issues is valuable in stimulating greater awareness, better information and promoting research in the field of renewable energy and sustainability.