This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 14th International Conference on the Theory and Application of Cryptology and Information Security, ASIACRYPT 2008, held in Melbourne, Australia, in December 2008. The 33 revised full papers presented together with the abstract of 1 invited lecture were carefully reviewed and selected from 208 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on muliti-party computation, cryptographic protocols, cryptographic hash functions, public-key cryptograhy, lattice-based cryptography, private-key cryptograhy, and analysis of stream ciphers.