This handbook assesses and discusses the topic of international security, paying attention both to great powers, and smaller actors. In addition to traditional security topics, it also covers topics on international law, international organisations, globalisation, and transnational challenges. 

Consisting of 62 chapters, the handbook is divided into three parts: (1) Complexity of International Security; (2) International Security Material and Immaterial Geographies, including material geographies and present-day conflicts focuses on the tangible aspects of security, such as territorial disputes, resource distribution, and ongoing conflicts, and intangible or diffuse geographies — energy, data, cyber-digital, and artificial intelligence; (3) International Security Perspectives on Governance and International Law.

As such, the handbook brings together multiple aspects of international security, combining theories and case studies. While continuing to track the development of the new and diverse security concepts, it also considers the latest relevant international events or other important topics, such as energy security, maritime security, decarbonisation of global economy, armed conflict, populism, Ukraine War, Artificial Intelligence, Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems (LAWS), Arctic, and Feminist Movements.

Francisco José Leandro – Associate Professor with Habilitation – University of Macau, China

Laura C. Ferreira-Pereira – Full Professor – University of Minho, Portugal

Luís Tomé – Full Professor – Universidade Autónoma de Lisboa, Portugal

Yichao Li – Dr. – Institute of African Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, China