This book presents 'Indigenous Duality' as a framework to aid in the definition of the indigenous peoples within the Philippines, focusing on groups in Mindanao. It presents the historical and ethnographic experiences of the Indigenous peoples in Mindanao, tracing back to long before the Americans came the archipelago. It goes on to show how they were captured through the colonial lens as a presentation of the Philippines as a colony of the United States at the early part of the 20th century, after Spain left the country. Drawing from comprehensive archival and ethnographic data on indigenous peoples in the Philippines, it is a relevant resource for students and scholars in Asian history, ethnic studies, and cultural studies, particularly those interested in the Philippines and indigeneity in wider Southeast Asia. It also relevant to social scientists in the political sciences, anthropology, sociology, international relations, and those working on Asian borderlands.

Wendell Glenn P. Cagape is a published author and writer, ethnographer, scholar who has worked on the Rohingya in Southeast Asia, and has worked as anthropologist on the CADT applications of the Subanen Ancestral Domains in Lapuyan and Bayog. He earned his PhD in Southeast Asian Studies at the Centro Escolar University as a CHED Scholar with the Highest Academic Distinction. Presently, he is enrolled in another PhD in Indigenous Studies at the University of the Philippines – Baguio.