This book highlights the ageing behaviour and performance stability of graphene nanomaterial-based conductive inks used in printed and flexible electronics. It discusses how ageing factors such as temperature, humidity and environmental exposure influence the electrical, mechanical and adhesion properties of conductive ink systems. In addition, the book examines the effects of cyclic loading, particularly repeated bending and torsional stresses, on the durability and reliability of conductive pathways. The interaction between environmental ageing and mechanical fatigue is analysed to understand the degradation mechanisms affecting conductivity, structural integrity and interfacial bonding over time. Through systematic experimental evaluation, this book provides valuable insights into the long-term performance of graphene-based conductive inks for advanced electronic and industrial applications.

Dr. Mohd Azli Salim is a distinguished academic and researcher in Mechanical Engineering, specializing in vibro-nanotechnology, structural dynamics, and advanced materials. He holds a Ph.D. in Vibration Analysis. He is a TRIZ Level 3 Practitioner and Certified Instructor, as well as a Professional Engineer (P.Eng), Chartered Engineer (CEng MIMechE), ASEAN Chartered Professional Engineer (ACPE), and Professional Technologist (Ts.), recognized both locally and internationally. He currently serves as Head of Laboratory at the Advanced Academia-Industry Collaboration Laboratory (AiCL), Principal Researcher with the GReeT research group, and Visiting Professor at Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Indonesia. His research covers finite element analysis, control engineering, nano-composites, vibration analysis, and electromagnetic energy harvesting.

Dr. Nor Azmmi bin Masripan received his Doctor of Engineering in Tribology from Nagoya University, Japan. He is a Graduate Member of the Board of Engineers Malaysia (BEM) and an active member of the Malaysian Tribology Association (MyTribos) and the Centre for Advanced Research on Energy (CARe). His research interests are in materials characterization and tribology.

Muhammad Arieef Hussain Noor is a lecturer and researcher in Mechanical Engineering at Politeknik Ungku Omar, whose academic and research interests focus on nanomaterials, conductive inks, flexible electronics, integrated engineering systems, and thermal engineering. He is currently pursuing a Ph.D. in Nanotechnology at Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM). He obtained both his Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees in Mechanical Engineering, which laid the foundation for his research in advanced materials and emerging engineering technologies.